Definition

1. Noun (Danh từ):

   • Preliminary investigation; preliminary hearing: The stage in a legal proceeding where a judicial officer (a judge or an investigator) examines the evidence and decides whether there are sufficient grounds to bring a case to trial.
   • (Obsolete) Investigating judge; inquirer: Refers to the judicial officer who conducts the preliminary investigation. This usage is now considered old-fashioned.

2. Verb (Động từ):

   • To conduct a preliminary investigation/inquiry; to hold a preliminary hearing: The act of carrying out the judicial examination of a case before trial.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Vụ án đang trong giai đoạn dự thẩm. (The case is in the preliminary investigation stage.)
  • Quan tòa dự thẩm đã ra lệnh bắt giam bị can. (The investigating judge ordered the detention of the accused.)

• Verb:

  • Tòa án sẽ dự thẩm vụ án vào tuần tới. (The court will hold a preliminary hearing on the case next week.)
  • Việc dự thẩm phải được tiến hành công khai và khách quan. (The preliminary inquiry must be conducted openly and objectively.)

Advanced Usage

• Phiên tòa dự thẩm (Preliminary hearing session): The specific court session dedicated to the preliminary examination.
  • Bị cáo có mặt tại phiên tòa dự thẩm. (The defendant was present at the preliminary hearing.)
• Bản án dự thẩm (Preliminary judgment/ruling): A ruling or decision made at the preliminary stage, often regarding detention, evidence, or whether to proceed to trial.
  • Bản án dự thẩm đã bị kháng cáo. (The preliminary ruling was appealed.)

Variants and Related Words

• Dự thẩm viên (n): (Obsolete) Investigating magistrate; examining magistrate. This is the full form from which the noun "dự thẩm" (meaning the officer) is shortened.
  • Dự thẩm viên thẩm vấn nhân chứng. (The examining magistrate questioned the witness.)
• Thẩm vấn (v): To interrogate; to question (a legal term for examining a witness or suspect).
• Điều tra sơ bộ (n): Preliminary investigation (a more general, non-exclusively judicial term).

Synonyms

• Điều tra sơ thẩm: Preliminary judicial investigation.
• Xét hỏi sơ bộ: Preliminary examination/interrogation.

Notes on Usage

• The term "dự thẩm" is primarily used in formal, legal, and judicial contexts.
• The usage of "dự thẩm" to mean the investigating officer (dự thẩm viên) is now considered archaic (cũ). In modern legal language, specific titles like Thẩm phán (Judge), Điều tra viên (Investigator), or Kiểm sát viên (Prosecutor) are more commonly used to refer to the person conducting the proceedings. The term "dự thẩm" itself now more commonly refers to the procedural stage or the action.

1. (cũ) Hold an inquiry into (a legal case).
2. (cũ) Inquirer